Join Our Groups
TOPIC
1: PROMOTION OF LIFE SKILLS
Life
skills are the means through which a person can live well in a society. They
are the ways an individual can properly manage his/her life and that of other
people. Promotion of life skills is of great importance in modern societies
because of the prevailing socio-economic, political and cultural changes that
have been accelerated by scientific and technological advancements. The
undergoing changes require good leadership, teamwork, positive relationships,
self-worth and self-confidence from members of societies or communities so as
to survive in this competitive world.
Good Leadership,
Team Work, Positive Relationship, Self-Worth and Confidence
A
leader is a person who guides or directs others in a group, an institution, a
company, a village or a country. Good leadership refers to proper leadership
which adheres to the important characteristics of a good leader.
Characteristics
of a Good Leader
1.
A good leader should be a task-oriented or people-oriented leader. The task
oriented leader will place emphasis on training and performance with the
ultimate aim of achieving and winning. He/she should be able to identify the
community goals or specific targets. The leader then should be able to impart
these goals to his people and commit them to work hard and intelligently to
achieve the desired community goals.
2.
A good leader should not simply issue orders for people to follow, but he/she
should be able to instill good characteristics to them which will make it
possible to achieve the stated goals.
3.
A good leader should have confidence, determination and perseverance. There
will be many complex issues that must be addressed by the leader; therefore the
leader should be bold enough to encounter such situations.
4.
A good leader should be able to create an ideal situation that will encourage
his/her people to perform. The leader should be ready available for his/her
people and they should be free to approach him/her for consultations.
5.
A good leader should be able to identify good opportunities that can be utilised
to achieve the stated community goals. The leader has to be optimistic that
opportunities can be exploited to yield the intended goals. Good leaders should
have a vision which they work towards. Good leaders know where they are heading
and lead their people towards the same vision. Good leaders are not passive
people. They are usually extremely passionate in whatever they are doing.
6.
Good leaders should be wise if they are to be successful. Being a leader often
means that crucial decisions will have to be made at one point. Having wisdom
to make a right decision is most important in ensuring success. Good leaders
have compassion for their followers. While they understand they have a goal to
pursue, they constantly look back and care for the people that are following
them. They are not selfish people who only think about their own needs and
luxuries; they also must care for the people who are working for them. In
Africa, for instance, we have Mzee Nelson Mandela, the former president of the
republican of South Africa and leader of ANC. Mzee Mandela is the one of the
few African leaders who possesses such kind of leadership characteristics.
7.
Good leaders should be charismatic, attractive to the people through their good
personalities. This can be through the way they speak. They are extremely
well-versed in public speaking and they can influence and inspire people with
the things that they say. A good example of such kind of a leader is the late
Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere. The former president of Tanzania.
8.
Good leaders must be persistent in the attempt of meeting their goals. They
realise that the goal to success is not simple; despite that, they see that the
benefit of reaching the goal are greater than that of the setback that they
will experience.
9.
Good leaders should have integrity. They mean what they say, and they say what
they mean. They are people who keep their promises and they do not play the
two-faced political game that a lot of others do.
10.
Good leaders must be ready to pursue their dreams until they become true. The
fears are real, but the courageous leader pursues them despite the fears. Good
leaders are extremely disciplined in their pursuit of their goals. While most
people would be easily discouraged, good leaders make sure they achieve their
goals.
In
our community where good leadership is practiced, a leader adopts a
participatory approach in decision-making. A good leader will always consult
his/her people before any important decision is made. For instance, in an
institution like a school, a good leader should recognize that his/her
employees are more than just employees; they are also the people to be involved
in making decision.
 |
| Good Leader |
Leadership Styles
Leadership
styles have been classified on the basis of how leaders use their authority.
There are four leadership styles, namely dictatorial, autocratic, democratic
and laissez-fair leadership.
1.
Dictatorial
leadership. This is the type of leadership governed by a dictator
that is dominated by fear, threats, disgrace, and frequent dismissal of the
workers.
2.
Autocratic
leadership. This type of leadership is characterised by central
authority. All the powers are controlled by one individual; a leader can give
or withhold rewards or punishments.
3.
Democratic
or participative leadership. This type of leadership involves
the leader consulting the subordinates on the proposed actions and decisions
and encourages their participations.
4.
Laissez-fair
leadership. This is the type of leadership where the leader is
really not in control. The leader is only consulted if information is required,
and he/she can make only a small contribution. This type of leadership gives
chance for the subordinates to decide on their own.
Importance of
Good Leadership
The
following are some of the importance of good leadership in a community:
1.
Earns trust from the people by involving them in decision-making. Hence they
can work together with their leaders to achieve their goals.
2.
Increases efficiency and effectiveness in a community, as people are satisfied
with their leaders work or performance.
3.
Enhances public relations in a community. The positive image of a leader
enhances public relations that will lead to the achievement of community goals.
4.
Enhances people’s confidence, especially when leaders are transparency and
accountable to their decisions.
5.
Reduces conflicts in a community. With good leadership neither the people nor
the leaders shall be involved in conflicts. The community do have proper
channels to forward their problems through democratic ways based on decision
making-making procedures.
Good Leadership,
Teamwork, Positive Relationship, Self-Worth, Confidence Qualities
Leadership
can be defined as interpersonal influence exercised in a situation and directed
through the communication process towards the attainment of specified goal.
Leadership does not mean power, prestige, wealth or great education butrefers
toinitiative and willingness to serve mankind and showing a real concern to
others.
TEAM WORK
A
team comprises any group of people with a common purpose. A group in itself
does not necessary constitute a team. However there are many components that up
a team like managers and agents. Teamwork is a joint action done by a group of
people (team) with a common goal. The notion of teamwork does not mean that the
individual is no longer important, itmeans that effective and efficient
teamwork goes beyond individual accomplishment. The most effective teamwork is
produced when all individuals work together to achieve a common goal.
To
effectively achieve the goals of an organisation, all the people should combine
their efforts. If everyone does his/her job well, and then it increases what
the team can accomplish. Teamwork has to be recognised by everyone knowing that
great things happen if individuals work together as one unit. Everyone has a
unique role, but each individual role must be recognised and appreciated.
For
instance, at school both teachers and student are supposed to live and work as
a team. This will help in building student discipline and academic performance.
However, this can only be achieved through participation of students and
teachers in school governance. Teamwork is something that must be a high
priority and must be given constant attention. Every player must understand how
important for them to work together if they want to be successful. Each player
must be dedicated to the whole team and be ready to act unselfishly. When
challenges arise the team need to have the resources, accountability and
commitment to deal with them in a constructive and positive manner.
 |
| Team Work |
Aspects of Team Work
A
good and strong leadership is essentially for successful teamwork. While each
teamwork member will be encouraged to share thought and opinions as well as
skills, the leader will be responsible for the final decisions and
implementations that are made. A leader should be strong and confident as well
as competent in his/particular area of expertise
Goal-setting
is an essential part of teamwork. A team should set its goal for easy
accomplishment of a task. A team cannot work well and achieve its goal if it does
not have well-defined goals to be achieved. It is also very important for team
members to understand their roles and responsibilities. The team leader can
make it possible by defining the purpose in a clear-cut manner in the beginning
of the formation of the team.
Communication
is another important part of teamwork. The team members must communicate all
aspects of a project and be willingly to listen to each other. The lines of
communication should be open at all times and to all team members. Teamwork can
be very successfully if everyone is willingly to accept one another and work
together for the good of the group.
The
team must have a unified commitment. This does not mean team members must agree
on everything. It means that all individuals must be directing their efforts
towards the foal. If an individual's efforts are going towards his/her personal
goals, then the team will confront this and resolves the problem.
The
team must have a result-driven structure. The team should be allowed to operate
in a manner that produces results. It is often best to allow the team to
develop the structure.
The
team must have high standards that are understood by all. Team members must
know what is expected of them individually and collectively. Vague statements
such as “positive attitude” and “demonstrated efforts” are not good enough.
The
team must have competent members. In the education settings this can be taken
to mean that the problem given to the team should be one that the members can
tackle given their level of knowledge and skills.
The
team must have a collaborative climate. It is a climate of trust produced by
honest, open, consistence and respectful behaviour. With this climate team
perform well and without it they will fail.
Conflict
resolution. Conflict will rise no matter how teams functions together. The best
way to counter conflict is to have structured method of conflict resolution.
Team members should be able to voice their concerns without fear of offending
others. Instead of avoiding conflict, its better to resolve them quickly. Its
often advised that the team leader should sit with conflicting parties and help
to work out their differences without taking sides and try to remain objective
if possible.
COMPOUNDS OF
TEAM BUILDING
The
most important compound for team building is the selection of participants to
be in a group or team. The team leader usually looks specific things from the
members in order to ensure success in the group or team projects. It’s very
important to have members that have confident and are able to build trust among
other participants. Most importantly, the participants must have a positive
attitude at all times.
Training
on how to work together is also a very important compound of teamwork. A team
must know how to work together in order to be productive and successful. If a
team can work together, It will be able to resolve issues that are standing on
the way to accomplish a goal. Working together may not come easily at first,
but with proper training and mutual communication the team will be able to
adapt quickly.
Balanced
skills set. When creating teamwork, it’s important to have balanced skills
sets. One way to achieve this is by having experts in different fields. If some
members provide some of their theoretical skills, for example, individuals that
are knowledgeable about the course materials are confused about technology part
of it. On the other hand the individual may fill that the technical side of the
problem is more important than the theoretical side of it. By combining both
sides, the team can come up with the solutions that benefit everyone.
Allocation
of roles within the team is one of the elements needed for team building.
Assigning roles to team members help them to know the team’s place. Each member
should be assigned a role that is clearly defined. This will facilitate easily
decision making and will ensure the completion of the task assigned within the
required time
Harmonizing
personalities. The personality of some one play a bigger role on how the team
performs. The leader must understand the kind of people and personality they
need to have in order to gain success from the team group. For instance someone
who shows supportiveness is dedicated to the team’s success. The person who
takes more responsibility, is very easy to work with and listen attentively to
the ideas of other people.
Importance of Teamwork
Large,
ambitious plans usually require people to work together. Thus, team work has
become an important concept for work organisations. Effective teams are
necessary if the industry is going to realise good and sustainable results.
1.
Teamwork can make more effective and efficient use of labour and prove
productivity by maximizing the different strength and skills of team members,
encouraging team members to undertake a wide range of tasks and making team
members accountable to customers.
2.
Teamwork improves quality and encourages innovation of product or services.
Innovation has been the outcome of many team works initiatives. Involvement of
team members/workers in productive activity through team work contributes a lot
to the improvement of the quality of products and various innovations.
3.
In an institutions like a school, students learn to work together in many ways.
They learn to rely on each other and take advantage of every opportunity they
have. Most often high-performing students in exams experience the benefit of
teamwork at school. They consistently perform better than others, especially by
attending group discussions.
POSITIVE RELATIONSHIPS
Positive
relationships can be defined as the state of having meaningful, loving,
supportive and cooperative relationships between two or more people. It’s not
difficult to establish meaningful, loving, loving, supportive and cooperative
relationships.
Principles for
Developing Positive Relationships
In
order to develop positive relationship, someone needs to understand the
following principles of human behaviour;
1.
Time and patience. Building positive relationship is like building a house; it
take a lot of time and patient to accomplish likewise to understand human life
it take time and it need patient to cope with them.
2.
Applying the principle of brotherhood and allowing others to become more
responsible.
3.
Allowing people to make choices
4.
Every human behaviour has a social purpose. It should be notes that some people
misbehave they are searching for self-attention and some look for revenge
5.
Changing your negative behaviour can most effectively influence the negative
behaviour of others.
6.
Someone’s positive relationship are influenced by his/her positive actions,
thus people must appreciate others peoples positive’s positive behaviour.
7.
Avoiding retaliation if offended; instead express good will. You will improve
the quality of relationship. Retaliation stimulates further violence.
8.
Avoid finding faults in others; focus on their strength and not their
weaknesses
9.
Show strong confidence in your team members; this will develop their
confidence.
10.
If the members lack strong confidence, focus on their past legitimate
successes
.
11.
If it is difficult to speak to a busy person, communicate with him/her through
your loving actions
12.
Withdraw from conditions that can easily lead to power struggle.
 |
| Positive Relationship |
Importance of Positive Relationships
1.
Positive relationships are important in maintaining a sense of good among
ourselves. A destructive relationship is not always good because it leads to
various problems such as abuse. It’s obvious that people needs positive
relationships, because they need to be supported, comforted and have fun.
2.
Positive relationships are important and are a source of success in every area
of life as they enhance love, family happiness, business success and spiritual
fulfilment.They also promote good principle that ensures success to everyone,
partners, family, friends and work colleagues. This means that there is a need
to identify key principles and techniques that attract positive relationships
because they heal any relationship issues.
3.
Positive relationships enlighten the people on how to make a right decision in
relationships, communicating better, enjoying greater intimacy and confidence.
SELF-WORTH
Self-worth
refers to a feeling of confidence in yourself that you are a good and useful
person. Its a favourable estimate or opinions of oneself. Worth refers tohow
much we value something, how important it is for us and how much priority we
give it compared to other things.
Self-worth
is a measure of our unconditional self-love. High self-worth means loving
ourselves unconditionally in all areas of our lives. To have a higher degree of
self-worth, we must love ourselves even when we make mistakes.
Self-worth
is frequently based on our feelings of worth in terms of our skills,
achievements, statutes, financial resources or physical attributes. This kind
of self-worth often cultivates an independence and arrogant attitude. When we
find ourselves not measuring up to societies’ criteria for worth, we suffer
serious consequences.
Our
self-worth depreciates dramatically. The illusion of being successful and
admired gives way to disillusionment as our possessions and achievements that
once nourished our souls fail to satisfy our appetite. To satisfy every
individual experience, hunger, thirst, fatigue and so forth, we are conditionedtoget
food, drinks or rest. By getting these things we will achieve an acceptable
self-worth. Nothing depreciates self-worth faster than regret, anger or fear.
Aspects of
Self-Worth
Taking
good care of yourself shows you really do love yourself unconditionally. This
is a sign of self-worth. If you love yourself wholeheartedly, you will
prioritize your time and resources to reflect the relative importance of each
part of yourself. You will have to create some balance in your time and life so
that you can take good care of your body and main interest and needs. Spend
time and money on activities wisely.
Importance of
Self-Worth
Self-worth
is a vital belief for empowering oneself. A valid sense of self-worth is
necessarily in order to attain love, peace, joy, power and a sound mind. A
Valid sense of self-worth eliminates the possibility of committing suicide.
Without self-worth, doubts and fears about our very existence will persist and
will destroy dreams and vision and undermine our greatest accomplishments.
SELF- CONFIDENCE
Self-confidence
is a belief in one’s own abilities to do things and be successful. People with
high self-confidence typically have little fear of the unknown. They are able
to stand up for what they believe in, and have the courage to risk
embarrassment, such as delivering a presentation to a large group of people.
Aspects of
Building Self-Confidence
Although
many of the factors affecting self-confidence are beyond your control, there
are a number of things you can do to build self-confidence. These are:
1.
Dressing style. Clothes affect the way someone feels about him/herself. It
changes the way you feel about yourself and interact with other people. I f you
dress well, you will fill confident in all places however if you dress improperly
you will feel shy and lose confidence.
2.
Good posture. By practising good posture you will automatically feel more
confidence. Stand up straight, keep your head up and make eyes contact. You
will make a positive impression on others and instantly and feel more alert and
empowered.
3.
Walking fast or quickly also builds one’s self-confidence. One of the easiest
way to tell how a person feels about him/herself is to examine his/her work. Is
it slow, tired, painful or energetic and purposeful? It is believed that people
with confidence walk fast or quickly. They have places to go, people to see and
important work to do.
4.
Listening to motivational speeches. Another way of building self-confidence is
listening to motivational speeches. You can feel this need by creating personal
commercials. Write a short speech that highlights your strengths and goals.
Then recite it in front of a mirror aloud whenever you need a confidence boost.
5.
Compliment other people around you and refuse to engage in criticizing them.
When we think negatively about ourselves, we often project that feeling on to
others in the form of insults and gossip. To break this cycle of negativity,
get in the habit of praising other people. In the process, you will become more
liked and build more self-confidence. By seeingthe best in others, you
indirectly bring out the best in yourself.
6.
Make efforts to speak up in a group discussions. During group discussions, many
people never speak up because they afraid that people will judge them for
saying something wrong. By making efforts to speak up at list once in every
group discussion, you will become a better public speaker, more confident in
your own thoughts, and recognised as a leader by your peers.
7.
Sitting in the front row helps in building self-confidence. In schools, offices
and public assemblies around the world, people constantly strive to sit at the
back rows. Most people prefer sitting at the back because they are afraid of
being noticed. This reflects a lack of self-confidence.
8.
Physical fitness has a huge effect on self-confidence. If you are out of shape,
you will feel insecure, unattractive and less energetic. By working out, you
improve your self appearance, energies yourself and accomplish something
positive. Having the discipline to work out not only makes you feel better; it
creates positive momentum that you can carry throughoutthe rest of the day.
|
| Self Confidence |
Importance of Self-confidence
1.
Self-confident is essential to success in many aspects of the individual’s
life. It is the key factor in business success. This is because a confident
person knows how to balance risk. He/she can borrow money from banks to run the
business and pay back the dept.
2.
Self- confidence involves doing what you believe to be right decision, even if
others criticise you for it, being willingly to take risks and go to the extra
mile to achieve better things, admitting your mistakes and vowing to learn from
them.
3.
Self-confidence also allows an individual to increase his/her level of control
in situations that are important. As your self-confident grows your excitement
and energy will help you to be in a control. People may have confident in other
people or forces beyond their control. For instance, one might have confident
that he/she will pass well the final exams.Self-confident enable an individual
to gain confidence from both happiness and sadness.
4.
Self-confident is generated not only in achievement, ability and success but
also from adversity and failure. It is difficult to understand happiness unless
you have experiences sadness. You cannot appreciate light unless you have been
in the dark.
5.
Self-confident also promotes individual’s personality in terms of dressing and
communication skills. Good and attractive dressing and communication skills
affect the way someone feels about him/herself. It changes the way you feel
about yourself and interact with other people.
Sorry nnaombi langu ilikuwa muweke video za kufundisha
ReplyDeleteFungueni appy youtuber ili tusome kuwa sikiliza kupitia videos nafikili mtapata fedha zaid
ReplyDeleteFunguen account youtube tuwe tunasoma kwa kucklza🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏
ReplyDelete