Author: Msomi Bora

TOPIC 7 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY Definitions of Manufacturing – Manufacturing is the process of converting raw materials, components, or parts into finished goods that meet a customer’s expectations or specifications. – Manufacturing is the production of goods in large numbers, usually in a factory using machines: – Manufacturing is the production of products for use or sale using labor and machines, tools, chemical or biological processing or formulation and is the essence of secondary industry. – Manufacturing is a very simple business; the owner buys the raw material or component parts to manufacture a finished product. – Manufacturing is the making of goods or wares by manual labor or by machinery, especially on a large…

TOPIC 6: TOURISM Definitions of Tourism – Tourism is the act and process of spending time away from home in pursuit of recreation, relaxation, and pleasure, while making use of the commercial provision of services. – Tourism is the business of providing services such as transport, places to stay, or entertainment for people who are on holiday. – Tourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tours. – Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure, or business purposes. – Tourism is a collection of activities, services and industries which deliver a…

TOPIC 5 SUSTAINABLE MINING Definitions of Mining – Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth, – Mining is the industry or activity of removing substances such as coal or metal from the ground by digging: – Mining is the industry and activities connected with getting valuable or useful minerals from the ground, for example coal, diamonds, or gold. – Mining is the process or industry of obtaining coal or other minerals from a mine. Mineral is a valuable or useful chemical substance that is formed naturally in the ground. For example, gold, diamond, coal, copper, oil, salt and gas. Sustainable mining is to maintain and enhance the economic, social and environmental values of all types of minerals, for the benefit of…

TOPIC 4 SUSTAINABLE USE OF FOREST RESOURCES EXPLOITATION OF FOREST RESOURCES Definitions of Forest – Forest is a large area of land covered with trees and plants, usually larger than a wood, or the trees and plants themselves. – Forest is a large area covered chiefly with trees and undergrowth. – Forest is a large tract of land covered with trees and underbrush; woodland. – Forest is a large area dominated by trees. – Forest is a large area where trees grow close together. – Forest is a tract of woodland or wasteland, usually the property of the sovereign, preserved for game. Sustainable use of forest means to maintain and enhance the economic, social and environmental values of all types of forests, for the benefit…

TOPIC 3 WATER MANAGEMENT FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Definitions of Water – Water is a clear liquid, without colour or taste, that falls from the sky as rain and is necessary for animal and plant life. – Water is a colourless, transparent, odourless liquid that forms the seas, lakes, rivers, and rain and is the basis of the fluids of living organisms. – Water is the liquid that descends from the clouds as rain, forms streams, lakes, and seas. – Water is a transparent, odorless, tasteless liquid, a compound of hydrogen and oxygen. – Water is an inorganic, transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance, which is the main constituent of Earth’s hydrosphere and the fluids of most living organisms. Water Definitions of Water Management – Water management is the activity of planning, developing, distributing and…

TOPIC 2 AGRICULTURE The Meaning of Agriculture – Agriculture is the art and science of growing plants and other crops and raising animals for food, other human needs, or economic gain. – Agriculture is the science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products. – Agriculture is the systematic raising of useful plants and livestock under the management of man. – Agriculture is the growing of both plants and animals for human needs – Agriculture is the deliberate effort to modify a…

TOPIC 1 HUMAN ACTIVITIES The Meaning of Human Activities – Are functions or tasks or work carried out or done by human beings over time for achieving certain purposes or goals. – It is any task performed by man for the purpose of earning his or her livelihood. – Are what people do or cause to happen in order to achieve a certain goal in life. – Are acts or processes of producing certain things intended by people in a place, which can be a country, region, district or a village. In Geography, human activities refer to tasks human beings…

TOPIC 4 INDUSTRIAL CAPITALISM We have two types of notes for you Notes 1 and Notes 2 NOTES 1 Meaning of capitalism Capitalism is the social, political and economic system based on private ownership of the major means of production. Capitalism is an economic system in which the major means of production was privately owned. Within capitalism system there are two major groups of people which are employers and workers. Employers own the means of production and pay wages to the workers. Workers are paid to produce goods using means of production owned by the employers. In Europe, capitalism developed after…

TOPIC 3AFRICA AND EXTERNAL WORLD We have two types of notes for youNotes 1 and Notes 2 NOTES 1 The Contact between Africa and the Middle East and Far East began as early as 200BC. Early foreigners to visit the African coast were people from Asia including countries like Syria, Arabia, India, Burma, Persia, Thailand, China, Spice Islands and Egypt from North Africa. Availability of goods such as ivory, gold, animal skins and slaves was one of the motives which attracted the traders to visit the East African Coast. Historically, contacts between East Africa and Middle and Far East go as far back as…

TOPIC 2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION IN PRE-COLONIAL AFRICA We have two types of notes for youNotes 1 and Notes 2 NOTES 1 Social organization is the way individuals within a group relate in order to exist harmoniously. This entails the recognition of the role played by each member of the society and how that role fits in with other people’s roles to meet the needs of the entire society. For example, in the pre-colonial agricultural societies, the blacksmiths made iron tools. Farmers used those tools to prepare land and rainmakers prayed for the rain to make the crops. All these people contributed to the…