Electrical Installation | Form One – TOPIC 3 | Building Simple Dc Circuit
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Often batteries and other constant-voltage sources have significant resistance themselves, which adds to the total resistance of the circuit. The resistance of a source is also called the internal resistance. If the internal resistance is a significant factor in the circuit, we would include an internal resistance in the model as given in, otherwise we will tend to ignore them.
In a circuit diagram, a voltage source is usually represented by two parallel unequal lines, with the higher potential end, i.e., the positive terminal at longer line, and a resistor is represented by a saw tooth line as shown in. We label circuit elements with values relevant to them, e.g., source is labeled with the voltage value and a resistor with the value of resistance.