TOPIC 1 INTERACTION AMONG THE PEOPLE OF AFRICA We have two types of notes for you Notes 1 and Notes 2 NOTES 1Interaction is to spend time with other people in a way that you have an effect on each other. For example, you interact with the teacher in the classroom. You listen and take notes as the teacher teaches. You ask questions where you do not understand and the teacher answers them. Through this interaction, you learn new things and the teacher gets to know how to help you understand the lesson better. Interaction can be defined as the way in which people from a…
Author: Msomi Bora
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TOPIC 5 MAP WORK Various definitions of Map – A map is a symbolic representation of selected characteristics of a place, usually drawn on a flat surface. – A map is a drawing of a particular area such as a city, a country, or a continent, showing its main features as they would appear if you looked at them from above. – A map is a visual representation of an entire area or a part of an area, typically represented on a flat surface. – A map is a symbolic depiction emphasizing relationships between elements of some space, such as objects, regions, or themes. – Map is a representation of an area of the earth’s…
CLIMATE The Meaning of Climate – Climate is the average weather in a given area over a longer period of time, typically averaged over a period of 30 years. Or, – Climate is the average weather conditions of an area observed and recorded over a long period of time (about 30 years) Some of the meteorological variables that are commonly measured are temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, and precipitation. In a broader sense, climate is the state of the components of the climate system, which includes the ocean and ice on Earth. The climate of a location is affected by its latitude, terrain, and altitude, as well as nearby water bodies and their currents. The…
TOPIC 4 WEATHER The Meaning of Weather – Weather is the condition of the atmosphere in one area at a particular time, for example if it is raining, hot, or windy. – Weather, state of the atmosphere at a particular place during a short period of time. It involves such atmospheric phenomena as temperature, humidity, precipitation (type and amount), air pressure, wind, and cloud cover. Weather differs from climate in that the latter includes the synthesis of weather conditions that have prevailed over a given area during a long time period generally 30 years. – Weather is defined as conditions of the atmosphere which occur at a place at specific time periods, that is, from hour…
TOPIC 3 MAJOR FEATURES OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE Earth is the fifth largest planet in the solar system. Its surface is approximately 510 millions square kilometers. This means that earth is very large. The surface of the earth is made up of two main features LAND and WATER BODIES The land’s surface area is estimated at 29.2% of the total area of the earth’s surface, while water covers the remaining 70.8%. Most of the land exists in large blocks called Continents. Likewise, most of the water is contained in large water bodies called seas and oceans. CONTINENT Continent is a…
TOPIC 2 THE SOLAR SYSTEM Solar System is the arrangement of sun, planets and other solid objects in the space in relation to the position of the sun. The planets are not arranged in a single line from the sun, they are scattered in the space. Components of the Solar System The solar system is made up of the sun, planets, moons, natural satellites, asteroids, meteors, comets, dust, ice, and interplanetary space (it contains interplanetary dust and interplanetary gas). All planets and other bodies revolve around the sun. The sun is the central body of the solar system, and it…
TOPIC 1 CONCEPT OF GEOGRAPHY Meaning of the term Geography. The term “geography” comes from the ancient Greeks, which are geo and graphia. In Greek, geo means “Earth” and graphia means “to write, draw or describe”. These two words together form geographia, which means to draw, write about or describe the Earth. These meanings led to the development of the early definition of geography which are; Geography is the study of distribution and interrelationship of phenomena in relation to the earth’s surface. Geography is a science that deals with the earth and its life, the description of Land Sea, air…
TOPIC 4 DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SYSTEMWe have two types of notes for you Notes 1 and Notes 2 NOTES 1 Traditional African communities had well-organised social and political systems. In order to understand the life of the African people, it is important to study their political, social and economic systems as these were the basis of organization in society. We will learn about kinship clan or clan organization, age-set organization, ntemiship and state organization in this topic. 1. THE CLAN ORGANIZATION Leaders in the clan organisation were chosen by a heritage system that was either matrilineal or patrilineal. Matrilineal systems are based on the…
TOPIC 3 DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES AND THEIR IMPACTWe have two types of notes for you Notes 1 and Notes 2 NOTES 1 Economic activities are mainly concerned with man’s efforts to acquire food and other requirements for survival. Examples of economic activities are hunting, gathering, fishing, agriculture, craft production and mining. Economic activities are greatly determined by the environment. The environment refers to the physical conditions in a place. For instance, in the African continent some communities live near large water masses, others live near the…
TOPIC 2 EVOLUTION OF MAN, TECHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT We have two types of notes for you Notes 1 and Notes 2 NOTES 1 Meaning of Evolution – Evolution is gradual process in which something changes into a different and usually more complex or better form. – Evolution is the process by which an organism becomes more sophisticated over time and in response to its environment. – Evolution is the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection. – Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics…