TOPIC 2: NUTRITION Concepts of Nutrition and food Nutrients Meaning of nutrition: Nutrition is the process by which organisms take in and use nutrients. Nutrients are any substances that nourish an organism. Food is any material when taken in absorbed and utilized meet requirement of plant and animal body. The Concepts of Nutrition and Food Nutrients Explain the concepts of nutrition and food nutrients FUNCTION OF FOOD Oxidized to release energy Used in growth of cells Used to repair lost cells and tissue TYPES OF NUTRITION There are two main types of nutrition: autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition. Autotrophic Nutrition…
Author: Msomi Bora
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TOPIC 1: CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS Kingdom Fungi Member of the kingdom Fungi include fairly familiar organisms such as mushrooms, toadstools and bracket fungi. There are also less obvious but very important members such as mold, which grow on bread, ripe fruits and other food. The General and Distinctive Features of the Kingdom Fungi Explain the general and distinctive features of the kingdom Fungi General features of kingdom fungi Fungi are found in damp or wet places…
TOPIC 4: CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS Concept of Classification The Concept of Classification Explain the concept of classification Have you ever visited a library? How are the books arranged and kept? Are they arranged randomly or systematically? Obviously the books are arranged systematically in the shelves. Science books are kept separately in their respective shelves. Science books are kept separately from social or commercial books. Biology books are separated from physics books or chemistry books. Likewise, in the shop, laboratory or pharmacy items are sorted and…
TOPIC 3: CELL STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION The Concept of Cell The Meaning of the Cell Explain the meaning of the cell Plants and animals are made up of units called cells. The cells are microscopic in such a way that they cannot be seen by our naked eyes. Some organisms like protozoa, diatoms and bacteria consist of one cell and are called single-celled or unicellular organisms. Some are made up of many cells and are called multicellular organisms. The cell…
TOPIC 2: SAFETY IN OUR ENVIRONMENT First Aid First Aid is an immediate help which is given to a sick or injured person before sending him/her to the hospital for further treatment. FIRST AID KIT Importance of First Aid Saves life Reduces fear of death Brings hope and encouragement to the patient Relieves the victim’s pain Prevents the illness or injury from becoming worse Helps a person to recover from shock It shows spirit of helping each other. Components of the First Aid Kit and their Uses Identity components of the first aid kit and their uses First Aid…
TOPIC 1: INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY Biology is the science that deals with the study of living things. The word Biology is derived from two Greek words, Bios which means Life, and logos which means study of. Thus biology is a study of life and living organisms. Basic Concepts and Terminologies of Biology Biology Biology is derived from two Greek words, that is, bios which means life and logos or logia which means study or knowledge. So biology can be defined as a branch of science which deals with the study…
TOPIC 2: GLOBALIZATION The Concept and Aspects of Globalization Globalization is defined as the increasing process of interdependence and interconnectedness between different political, social and economic components of the world. It is the way in which the world in seen as the global village. Globalization becomes a worldwide system as it integrates people across national borders, making the world operate as a village and therefore enabling free movement of goods, capital and information. Globalization is a result of man’s progressive nature of change. It can be traced far back from the 16th C – the period when European traders and…
TOPIC 1: CULTURE Aspects and Elements of Culture Culture can be defined as all the behaviors, ways of life, arts, beliefs and institutions of a population that are passed from generation to generation. Culture has been called “the way of life of an entire society”. As such, it includes codes of manners, dress, language, religion, rituals, norms of behaviour – as law and morality – and systems of beliefs, as well as the arts. The Origin of Culture: As stated before, culture is the totality of people’s way of life, so it is compatible with human life. It is argued historically that, culture…
TOPIC 3: POVERTY Poverty refers to a situation where a person cannot attain the minimum level of well-being. The concept of well-being can be applied to different dimensions like consumption, income, education and other basic needs. – Poverty is characterized by severe deprivation of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health, shelter, education and information. – Poverty is also characterized by lack of income and productive resources to ensure sustainable livelihoods, hunger and malnutrition, ill health, limited or lack of access to education and other basic services. Poverty also includes homelessness and inadequate housing, social discrimination…
TOPIC 2: ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Economic development is the increase in economic growth and the distribution of the goods and services among the people. It also refers to an increase in production and quality. Meaning of Development Development is a process to improve the lives of people in a country. This involves not only raising living standards, for instance goods and services, but a promotion of self-esteem, dignity, respect and people’s freedom to choose and to take control of their own lives. Levels of Development There are two levels of development, namely individual and national development. 1. Individual or personal…