Author: Msomi Bora

TOPIC 1: THEORY OF DEMAND Theory of Demand In this concept, we are going to know about demand side of an economy. Demand is a consumer need to own the product or experience the service. Example If you want to buy a pen, this means you are demanding it. Be it a good or a service like quality education, we need to pay for it. Demand is the consumer side of an economy, you are going to see about the law of demand and factors which influence demand. This will be a wonderful experience for you as a commerce student…

COMMERCE NOTES FOR FORM ONEClick the links below to view the notes:TOPIC 1 – THE SCOPE OF COMMERCETOPIC 2 – PRODUCTION

TOPIC 2: PRODUCTION Production Meaning of the Term “Production” Define the term “Production” Production-is any activities, which results in the creation of goods and services in order to satisfy human wants. In economics sense, production is for exchanging, In the general meaning production may mean the creation of goods and services for personal consumption. Production is not complete if there is no consumption. Therefore, production involves activities which facilitate transfer of goods and services from the areas where they are produced to where they are demanded for consumption. Example of such activities which facilitate transfer of goods and services are: Transportation,…

TOPIC 1: THE SCOPE OF COMMERCE The Scope of Commerce The Nature and the Subject Matter of Commerce Explain the nature and the subject matter of commerce THE MEANING OF COMMERCE The scope of commerce implies the coverage of commerce, modern commerce has become so wide. It comprises of the study of all activities in the transfer (distribution) of goods and services from the producers to consumers. Activities like transportation, communication, insurance, banking and advertisement have played a huge role in development of commerce. Trade within the boundaries and across the nation’s boundaries makes commerce to acquire international status. Example,…

TOPIC 8: LINEAR PROGRAMMING Simultaneous Equations Simultaneous Equation from Word Problems Form simultaneous equation from word problems LINEAR PROGRAMMING. Linear programming – is a branch of mathematics which deals with either minimizing the cost or maximizing the profit. It gives the best way of utilizing the scarce resources available. It is so called because it only involves equations and inequalities which are linear. Simultaneous Equation. One of the methods used in solving linear simultaneous equations is a graphical method. Two linear simultaneous equations in two unknowns can be graphically solved by passing through the following procedures. Draw the two lines…

TOPIC 7: MATRICES AND TRANSFORMATIONS Operations on Matrices The Concept of a Matrix Explain the concept of a matrix Definition: A matrix is an array or an Orderly arrangement of objects in rows and columns. Each object in the matrix is called an element (entity). Consider the following table showing the number of students in each stream in each form. FormIIIIIIIV Stream A38354028 Stream B36403439 Stream C40373635 From the above table, if we enclose the numbers in brackets without changing their arrangement, then a matrix is farmed, this can be done by removing the headings and the bracket enclosing the numbers…

TOPIC 6: VECTORS Displacement and Positions of Vectors The Concept of a Vector Quantity Explain the concept of a vector quantity A vector – is a physical quantity which has both magnitude and direction. The Difference Between Displacement and Position Vectors Distinguish between displacement and position vectors If an object moves from point A to another point say B, there is a displacement There are many Vector quantities, some of which are: displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, momentum, electric field and magnetic field. Other physical quantities have only magnitude, these quantities are called Scalars. For example distance, speed, pressure, time and temperature…

TOPIC 5: TRIGNOMETRY Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that deals with relationship (s) between angles and sides of triangles. Trigonometric Ratios The Sine, Cosine and Tangent of an Angle Measured in the Clockwise and Anticlockwise Directions Determine the sine, cosine and tangent of an angle measured in the clockwise and anticlockwise directions The basic three trigonometrical ratios are sine, cosine and tangent which are written in short as Sin, Cos, and tan respectively. Consider the following right angled triangle. Also we can define the above triangle ratios by using a unit Circle centered at the origin. If θis an obtuse…

TOPIC 4: PROBABILITY Normally we are living in the world full of uncertainties. For example when two equally strong foot ball teams play a match it is not easy to predicate the outcome of the game. Also for a pregnant woman it is not easy to predict what will be the sex of the born. Under such uncertainties the theory of probability is applied. Definition; Probability is a branch of mathematics which deals with and shows how to measure the occurrence of events in daily life. Or it can simply be defined as a measure of chances. Probability of an Events…

TOPIC 3: THREE DIMENSIONAL FIGURES Three Dimensional Figure Sometimes before you make any purchases you may want to know for example, how much cloth you need to make a pillow cover. What about a cover for your mattress or sofa cushion? How much oil paint do you need to paint your drinking water tank? What about the amount of cloth for the pocket covers of your radio, curtain, suit, gown, trousers, set of table clothes, etc. Answers to such questions and of the kind leads you to think more carefully about the size of the surfaces (faces) to be covered…